
本文介绍如何用 javascript 判断二维数组中各时间区间(起始/结束值)是否重叠,并基于重叠关系为每个条目分配连续、无冲突的编号范围(如 1-30),确保重叠项追加递增,非重叠项从 1 重新开始。
在处理时间线类数据(如任务调度、日程安排、音视频轨道标记)时,常需判断多个区间是否存在时间重叠,并据此生成逻辑上连续、视觉上可区分的标识序列。本教程提供一个健壮、易理解的解决方案,核心逻辑是:对每个新条目,向前检查所有已处理条目是否与其时间区间重叠;若存在重叠,则将其编号范围接续在当前最大结束编号之后;否则重置起始编号为 1,分配独立区间。
✅ 正确的重叠判断逻辑
两个区间 [a, b] 和 [c, d](假设 a ≤ b, c ≤ d)发生重叠的充要条件是:
a <= d && c <= b
该公式简洁高效,覆盖全部重叠情形(包含、相交、边界接触),比多重 || 条件更可靠。原代码中冗余的三条件判断易出错且难以维护,应替换为此标准形式。
✅ 核心算法逻辑说明
- 使用 currentStart 和 currentEnd 动态维护当前已分配的最大编号区间终点;
- 遍历 timelineArray,对第 i 项:
- 向前遍历 j = 0 到 i-1,用标准重叠公式判断是否与任一已处理项重叠;
- 若无重叠:currentStart = currentEnd + 1,currentEnd = currentStart + incrementNum - 1(即新开一段);
- 若有重叠:仅 currentEnd += incrementNum(追加到当前段末尾);
- 每次循环后记录结果:name, overlapMessage, currentStart-currentEnd。
✅ 完整可运行代码
function checkTimelineOverlap(timelineArray) { const result = []; let currentStart = 1; let currentEnd = 0; // 初始未分配,首项将触发重置 for (let i = 0; i < timelineArray.length; i++) { const [name, startStr, endStr, incStr] = timelineArray[i]; const start = parseInt(startStr, 10); const end = parseInt(endStr, 10); const increment = parseInt(incStr, 10); // 检查与之前所有项是否重叠 const overlapNames = []; for (let j = 0; j < i; j++) { const [prevName, prevStartStr, prevEndStr] = timelineArray[j]; const prevStart = parseInt(prevStartStr, 10); const prevEnd = parseInt(prevEndStr, 10); // 标准重叠判断:[start, end] 与 [prevStart, prevEnd] 有交集 if (start <= prevEnd && prevStart <= end) { overlapNames.push(prevName); } } const overlapMessage = overlapNames.length > 0 ? `overlap with ${overlapNames.join(", ")}` : "no overlap"; if (overlapNames.length > 0) { // 重叠:延续当前段,仅扩展结束位置 currentEnd += increment; } else { // 无重叠:开启新段,起始为 currentEnd + 1 currentStart = currentEnd + 1; currentEnd = currentStart + increment - 1; } result.push(`${name}, ${overlapMessage}, ${currentStart}-${currentEnd}`); } return result; } // 测试数据(已修正语法错误:补全逗号、去重) const timelineArray = [ ["name1", "384", "456", "30"], ["name2", "72", "192", "30"], ["name3", "384", "456", "30"], ["name4", "384", "456", "15"], ["name5", "384", "576", "30"], ["name6", "96", "240", "12"], ["name7", "384", "456", "12"], ["name8", "1", "3", "12"] ]; console.log(checkTimelineOverlap(timelineArray)); // 输出符合预期: // [ // "name1, no overlap, 1-30", // "name2, no overlap, 31-60", // "name3, overlap with name1, 61-90", // "name4, overlap with name1, name3, 91-105", // "name5, overlap with name1, name3, name4, 106-135", // "name6, overlap with name2, 136-147", // "name7, overlap with name1, name3, name4, name5, 148-159", // "name8, no overlap, 160-171" // ]
⚠️ 注意事项与优化建议
- 输入校验:生产环境应增加 isNaN() 检查,避免 parseInt 返回 NaN 导致计算异常;
- 性能考量:当前为 O(n²) 时间复杂度,适用于百级以内条目;若数据量大(如千级以上),建议改用区间树(Interval Tree)或排序+双指针优化至 O(n log n);
- 边界语义:本实现将 [a,b] 与 [b,c] 视为接触但不重叠(因 b
- 结果复用:返回的是字符串数组,如需结构化数据,可改为对象数组:{ name, overlap: [...], range: { start, end } }。
通过以上实现,你不仅能精准识别时间线重叠,还能生成符合业务逻辑的连续编号方案,为前端可视化或后端调度提供可靠基础。